Focal colors forms axes

Focal colors are universal after all.

It is widely held that named color categories in the world's languages are organized around universal focal colors and that these focal colors tend to be chosen as the best examples of color terms across languages. However, this notion has been supported primarily by data from languages of industrialized societies. In contrast, recent research on a language from a nonindustrialized society has ...

Cover Sheet Individual and Population Differences in Focal Colors

Predicting focal colors with a rational model of representativeness

Best examples of categories lie at the heart of two major debates in cognitive science, one concerning universal focal colors across languages, and the other concerning the role of representativeness in inference. Here we link these two debates. We show that best examples of named color categories across 110 languages are well-predicted by a rational model of representativeness, and that this m...

Focal colors across languages are representative members of color categories.

Focal colors, or best examples of color terms, have traditionally been viewed as either the underlying source of cross-language color-naming universals or derived from category boundaries that vary widely across languages. Existing data partially support and partially challenge each of these views. Here, we advance a position that synthesizes aspects of these two traditionally opposed positions...

Mild forms of focal cortical dysplasia: how certain are we?

The study by Fauser and colleagues on subtypes of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and their impact on post-surgical outcome in focal epilepsies (Fauser et al., 2004) focussed on reports of milder forms of FCD, i.e. focal cortical dysplasia type I (Type 1-FCD) and mild malformations of cortical development (mMCD) according to a recent classification system (Palmini et al., 2004). These entities w...